robins



. (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1..

" W. B. ROBINS.

* Lamp. No. 239,061. Patented March 22,1!881.

8 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

W. B. ROBINS. Lamp.

P tenteq m h 22, 1881';

.wmww. km

N.FETERS, PHOTO LlTHDGRAPNER, WASHINGTONv C.

7 (No Model.) a Sheets-Sheet a.

W. B. ROBINS; l

, Lamp. No. 239,061. Patented March 22,1881.

Fiy. 4.

"mums, PHO'[O-LITHOGRAFHERL WASHINGTON. a c.

PATENT OFFICE.

" ILLIA ROBINS, or CINCINNATI, OHIO.

, LAM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent, No. 239,061, dated March 22,1881;

Application filed October 26, 1880. I (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern: a Beit known that I, WILLIAM B.RoBINs, of

Cincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement. in Lamps, of which the following; is a specification.

A material feature of myinveution relates to a construction of Argand lamps (the chim ney of'such lamps being omitted) in which the cylindrical passage constituting the interior draftway is of considerably greater diameter than hitherto customarily employed in such glamps. This unusually large diameter of draftway necessitates the use of a central deflector orbutton of corresponding dimensions. Such considerable diameter ofdeflector enables its adaptation to uses entirely unknown to and impossible with the ordinary small deflecting button. For example, it maybe so formed as, I in addition to its accustomedduty of directing the interior draft-air against the flame, to also reflect the light thereof with various pleasing 'and useful eifects. Such light-reflecting airdeflector may be composed of nickel-plated or other polished metal, or of glass or porcelain, and when of glass may, as to a part or all of it, be of opaque, transparent, or translucent stock, and be silvered or gilded, in whole or part, and either interiorly or exteriorly.

and arrangement of wickway and two control- I ling adjustable sheaths or guards, by which is secured a very extended and at thesame time very low and even flame, burning with perfect combustion without the necessity of a chimney, and under complete control. In association with such wickway and sheaths I employ, preferably, a wick consisting of two parts or Wick-sections, of which the lower or conducting Wick rests on the bottom of the font, and, being carried a proper distance up the wickway, supports the upper or burning Wick. Of these sections the conducting-wick may beof any customary wick material, and the burn- 5 ing-wick is preferably of bibulous paper.

In order to stiffen the upper Wick-section and to restrict the escape of inflammable vapor to its top edge, its entire vertical surfaces are coated or glazed with some adhesive sub- 50 stancethat is insoluble in theburning-fluidsuch, for example, as dextrine, mucilage, or

Fig. 3 represents one of my improved burni- Associated with the above feature is a form plate, D, of equal height, and whose portion flour-paste. Such insoluble, impermeable, and adhesiveglazingI further prefer to render in coinbustibleand moderately friable by the addition of finely-pulverized steatite, asbestos, silica, or other refractory material; but inasmuch as I purpose making such wick the subject of a separate application for patent, no more specific description is requisite in this.

Associated or not with the above features may be a wiokway rising vertically flush with the extreme outer periphery of the annular I font. This arrangementis for some purposes of illumination preferred by meto that shown in Figure l, in which a portion of the font extends outside of the wickway. V

In order that the invention may be fully understood, I will proceed to describe it with reference to the accompanying drawings, in

which- Fig. l is a partly-sectional elevation of a lamp embodying all the above features of my invention except the marginal wickway. Fig. 2 isa top view of the same without the dome.

ing-wieksections. Fig. dis a partly-sectional elevation of that form of my lamp whatfont is included wholly within the circuit ola marginal wickway. i

Arepresents an annular font or reservoir for the burning-fluid, whose inner wall, B, is prolonged upward, as shown, so as to constitute one side or wall of a wickway, 0, whose outer wall consists of a similar and concentric 8 included within-the font is perforated to per- 5 mit access of oil to the wick. The diameter of the inner cylindrical wall, B, of the annular wickway is such as to afford a central draftway, E, of unusually large diameter.

My wick, having been once inserted, remains undisturbed, and the height of the flame is regulated by two concentric sheath-plates, of which one plate, F, is located nearer to, and the other plate, G, is located more distant from, the common center than the wickway it self. -Means are provided for the independent elevation and depression of these sheathplates. For the inner sheath, F, my preferred means is a screw, H, which, being journaled at zoo the lamp-axis in a huh, I, connected to, the font by braces J, is tapped within a nut, K,

having brace --connections L with the inner sheath, F.- For the outer sheath, G, my preferred means of elevation are spiral edges g, (of which one such edge is seen in Fig. 1,) which edges rest upon stumps or projections M on the wickway side. Two handles, N N, upon the sheath G enable it to be shifted circularly to right or left, so as to elevate or depress it uniformly around its circuit.

For the purpose of concentrating upon the inner face of the flame the air which ascends the interior passage or draftway, E, and by -on part or all of either its convex or concave surfaces.

For example, being silvered on its crown merely, or zenith, with a transparent equatorial zone, it may be made to serve as a double reflector, reflecting upwardly and laterally from its convex surface and downwardly through the draftway from its concave surface the rays which reach such surface through the transparent zone of the dome, so as to obliterate or neutralize the shadow cast by the font and to make a practically shadowless lamp. The dome, being of opalescent, milky, or externally ground or frosted glass, may be stained or painted interiorly, so as to present on its exterior a pleasing semblanccto the belt-markin gs of J upitera name which I propose to employ commercially by calling such zone-marked form of my manufacture the Jupiter lamp. When not so marked I prefer to designate it the dome lamp.

P may represent a customary screw-capped feed hole or neck.

Q, may represent an eye or socket to fit over a corresponding wall-bracket.

The wick employed by me consists preferably of two parts or sections-to wit, alower section, It, called the feed-wick, preferably of some woven fabric, such as is customarily employed for kerosene-lamp wicks, and resting upon such lower wick-section is an upper section, S, preferably of blotting-paper, (bibulous paper,) from one to three sixteenths of an inch thick, whose entire vertical surfaces 7 s have been coated with some substance invent the waste of fluid. through the wick sides, and still another and important effect is to confine the combustion to the extreme summit of the wick, so as to secure a low, uniform, and intense flame.

' The above-described illustration of my invention may be varied in form and arrangement of parts. For example, the light-reflecting draft-deflector may be of conical or conoidal form, so as to project more directly downward and outward against the inner side of the flame the central descending current of draft-air.

The wickway, with its adjustable sheaths, its font, and deflector, may have an elliptical or a polygonal cross-section.

,I ig. 4 represents an illuminating-lamp the outer wall of whose font is prolonged vertically upward to its summit. This form (preferred by me for many purposes) may be employed independently of the other useful hovelties herein described, or in association wi one or more of them.

The wickway herein illustrated is d'esigawd for a lamp suitable for burning kerosene or mineral oils. A lamp on the same principle may be adapted for animal or for vegetable oils by varying the height of the wickway in the inverse ratio of the density of the oil employed.

The illustrations are intended to represent what 1 designate a No. 12 dome or Jupiter lamp-that is, one having a wick-diameter of twelve inches.

I claim herein as new and of my invention- 1. A chiinneyless lamp having two annular adjustable sheaths, F G, inclosing a stationary wick and wick-holder, substantially as set forth.

2. In a wide-draftway Argand lamp, the central draft deflecting and light reflectin g dome or cupola, O, substantially as set forth.

3. In a wide-draftway Argand lamp, the central draft deflecting and light reflecting dome or cupola, O, in combination with its simultaneously-adjustable support, consisting of the interior wick-guard, F,snbstantially as set forth.

4. In a wide-draftway Argand lamp, the combination of concentrically-arranged central dome, O, and the wickway O, with its inclosing adjustable sheaths F G, for stationary wick, substantially as set forth.

5. In a wide-draftway Argand lamp, a central draft-deflecting and light-reflectin g dome having one or more zones of diverse reflecting and translucent powers, substantially as set forth.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAM B. ROBINS.

Witnesses:

GEO. H. KNIGHT, W. TYsoN J UDKINS. 

